Help students connect observations to theory

Students’ understanding of chemical processes, such as the electrolysis of copper chloride solution, needs to be guided through the levels – from observations, to the action of particles, which in turn may be represented by chemical equations and half equations. 

By teaching the three levels explicitly and rehearsing their use through talk activities you can support students in moving between these levels. Furthermore, talk activities allow students to collaboratively explore and construct their understanding of a practical experience. This article describes activities with downloadable resources.