Devise experiments to determine which of five solids is the chloride by using chemicals and apparatus in the laboratory.
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Find the chloride
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Creative Problem Solving in Chemistry - Find the chloride
Specification
- Northern Ireland
- Wales
- A/AS level
- WJEC Chemistry
- Unit 1: THE LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY, STRUCTURE OF MATTER AND SIMPLE REACTIONS
- 1.6 The Periodic Table
- (f) reactions of the aqueous cations Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺ with OH⁻, CO₃²⁻ and SO₄²⁻ ions
- (g) characteristic flame colours shown by compounds of Li, Na, K, Ca, Sr and Ba (Mg compounds show no colour)
- (j) trends in solubility of Group 2 hydroxides and sulfates
- (o) reaction between aqueous Ag⁺ and halide ions followed by dilute aqueous NH₃
- 1.6 The Periodic Table
- Unit 3: PHYSICAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Unit 1: THE LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY, STRUCTURE OF MATTER AND SIMPLE REACTIONS
- WJEC Chemistry
- A/AS level
- England
- GCSE
- AQA Chemistry
- Practical assessment
- 4.4 Chemical changes
- 4.4.3 Electrolysis
- 4.4.3.1 The process of electrolysis
- 4.4.3.4 Electrolysis of aqueous solutions
- At the negative electrode (cathode), hydrogen is produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen. At the positive electrode (anode), oxygen is produced unless the solution contains halide ions when the halogen is produced.
- Students should be able to predict the products of the electrolysis of aqueous solutions containing a single ionic compound.
- 4.4.2 Reaction of acids
- 4.4.2.4 The pH scale and neutralisation
- The pH scale, from 0 to 14, is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, and can be measured using universal indicator or a pH probe.
- A solution with pH 7 is neutral. Aqueous solutions of acids have pH values of less than 7 and aqueous solutions of alkalis have pH values greater than 7.
- Students should be able to: describe the use of universal indicator or a wide range indicator to measure the approximate pH of a solution.
- Use the pH scale to identify acidic or alkaline solutions.
- 4.4.2.4 The pH scale and neutralisation
- 4.4.3 Electrolysis
- 4.8 Chemical analysis
- 4.8.2 Identification of common gases
- 4.8.3 Identification of ions by chemical and spectroscopic means
- 4.8.3.1 Flame tests
- Flame tests can be used to identify some metal ions (cations). Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and copper compounds produce distinctive colours in flame tests:
- Sodium compounds result in a yellow flame.
- Potassium compounds result in a lilac flame.
- Calcium compounds result in an orange-red flame.
- Copper compounds result in a green flame.
- 4.8.3.3 Carbonates
- 4.8.3.4 Halides
- 4.8.3.1 Flame tests
- AQA Combined science: Synergy
- AQA Combined science: Trilogy
- 5.8 Chemical analysis
- 5.4 Chemical changes
- 5.4.2 Reaction of acids
- 5.4.2.4 The pH scale and neutralisation
- The pH scale, from 0 to 14, is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, and can be measured using universal indicator or a pH probe.
- A solution with pH 7 is neutral. Aqueous solutions of acids have pH values of less than 7 and aqueous solutions of alkalis have pH values greater than 7.
- Students should be able to: describe the use of universal indicator or a wide range indicator to measure the approximate pH of a solution.
- Use the pH scale to identify acidic or alkaline solutions.
- 5.4.2.4 The pH scale and neutralisation
- 5.4.3 Electrolysis
- 5.5.3.4 Electrolysis of aqueous solutions
- At the negative electrode (cathode), hydrogen is produced if the metal is more reactive than hydrogen. At the positive electrode (anode), oxygen is produced unless the solution contains halide ions when the halogen is produced.
- Students should be able to predict the products of the electrolysis of aqueous solutions containing a single ionic compound.
- 5.5.3.1 The process of electrolysis
- 5.5.3.4 Electrolysis of aqueous solutions
- 5.4.2 Reaction of acids
- Edexcel Chemistry
- Topic 6 - Groups in the periodic table
- Apparatus and Techniques
- Core Practicals
- Topic 3 - Chemical changes
- Acids
- 3.2 Recall that a neutral solution has a pH of 7 and that acidic solutions have lower pH values and alkaline solutions higher pH values
- 3.3 Recall the effect of acids and alkalis on indicators, including litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthalein
- 3.12 Describe the chemical test for: hydrogen, carbon dioxide (using limewater)
- Acids
- Topic 9 - Separate chemistry 2
- Qualitative analysis: test for ions
- 9.2Ca Describe flame tests to identify the following ions in solids: lithium ion, Li⁺ (red)
- 9.2Cb sodium ion, Na⁺ (yellow)
- 9.2Cc potassium ion, K⁺ (lilac)
- 9.2Cd calcium ion, Ca²⁺ (orange-red)
- 9.2Ce copper ion, Cu²⁺ (blue-green)
- 9.5C Describe tests to identify the following ions in solids or solutions as appropriate: carbonate ion, CO₃²⁻, using dilute acid and identifying the carbon dioxide evolved
- 9.5Cc chloride ion, Cl⁻, bromide ion, Br⁻, iodide ion, I⁻, using dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution
- Qualitative analysis: test for ions
- Edexcel Combined science
- Topic 3 - Chemical changes
- Acids
- 3.2 Recall that a neutral solution has a pH of 7 and that acidic solutions have lower pH values and alkaline solutions higher pH values
- 3.3 Recall the effect of acids and alkalis on indicators, including litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthalein
- 3.12 Describe the chemical test for: hydrogen, carbon dioxide (using limewater)
- Acids
- Topic 6 - Groups in the periodic table
- Apparatus and Techniques
- Topic 3 - Chemical changes
- OCR Chemistry B: 21st century
- C8 Practical skills
- C1 Air and water
- C3 Chemicals of the natural environment
- C3.3 What are electrolytes and what happens during electrolysis?
- C3.3.1 describe electrolysis in terms of the ions present and reactions at the electrodes
- C3.3.7 describe competing reactions in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of ionic compounds in terms of the different species present, including the formation of oxygen, chlorine and the discharge of metals or hydrogen linked to their relative reacti…
- C3.3.8 describe the technique of electrolysis of an aqueous chloride solution of a salt
- C3.3 What are electrolytes and what happens during electrolysis?
- C5 Chemical analysis
- C5.2 How do chemists find the composition of unknown samples?
- C5.2.2 interpret flame tests to identify metal ions, including the ions of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and copper
- C5.2.3 describe the technique of using flame tests to identify metal ions
- C5.2.4 describe tests to identify aqueous cations and aqueous anions and identify species from test results including: tests and expected results for metal ions in solution by precipitation reactions using dilute sodium hydroxide (calcium, copper, iron(I…
- C5.2 How do chemists find the composition of unknown samples?
- C6 Making useful chemicals
- OCR Combined science B: 21st Century
- BCP8 Practical skills
- C1 Air and water
- C3 Chemicals of the natural environment
- C3.3 What are electrolytes and what happens during electrolysis?
- C3.3.1 describe electrolysis in terms of the ions present and reactions at the electrodes
- C3.3.7 describe competing reactions in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of ionic compounds in terms of the different species present, including the formation of oxygen, chlorine and the discharge of metals or hydrogen linked to their relative reacti…
- C3.3.8 describe the technique of electrolysis of an aqueous chloride solution of a salt
- C3.3 What are electrolytes and what happens during electrolysis?
- C6 Making useful chemicals
- OCR Combined science A: Gateway
- OCR Chemistry A: Gateway
- AQA Chemistry
- A/AS level
- AQA Chemistry
- Edexcel Chemistry
- OCR Chemistry A
- Module 5: Physical chemistry and transition elements
- Module 1: Development of practical skills in chemistry
- Module 3: Periodic table and energy
- 3.1 The periodic table
- 3.1.4 Qualitative analysis
- (ai) qualitative analysis of ions on a test-tube scale; processes and techniques needed to identify the following ions in an unknown compound: anions: CO₃²⁻, by reaction with H⁺(aq) forming CO₂(g)
- (aiii) qualitative analysis of ions on a test-tube scale; processes and techniques needed to identify the following ions in an unknown compound: anions: Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻
- 3.1.3 The halogens
- 3.1.4 Qualitative analysis
- 3.1 The periodic table
- GCSE
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