Adventure awaits! You are going on a weekend camping expedition During the expedition you will have to do all your own cooking, and therefore you have to carry the cooking fuel with you
Decide which is the better fuel to use for boiling water, and hence which fuel to take with you on the expedition.
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The investigation with student sheet is available as a pdf and MS Word document. For background information and more support with running practical problem-solving investigations in the classroom visit How to use these resources.
More fun practical investigations from our In search of solutions collection.
Equipment
- Old tin cans
- Beakers
- Thermometers
- Tripods
- Gauzes
- Heat-resistant mats
- Measuring cylinders
- Clamp stands
- Woodblocks
- Aluminium foil
- Metre rulers
- Stop clocks
- Top-pan balances
- Two solid fuels
Health, safety and technical notes
- Read our standard health and safety guidance here.
- Wear eye or clothing protection if desired.
- This is an open-ended problem solving activity, so the guidance given here is necessarily incomplete.
- Two solid fuels are needed for comparison, eg charcoal for barbecues and paraffin or candle wax.
- Ensure students use only small quantities of fuel.
- Warn students that the fuel containers will become very hot – therefore do not touch.
- You need to check the current hazard classification of any fuel tablets, including their appropriate disposal. Some tablets absorb moisture from the air and can spit alarmingly when ignited.
- Paraffin wax is of low hazard, but for other solid fuels the manufacturer’s safety data sheet should be consulted.
Possible approaches
Learners must consider all the variables that they are going to control in the experiment in order to make a fair comparison. They must also ensure that the fuel is safely contained. Used tin cans are very good for this as they are easy to come by, and can be regarded as disposable. More advice on how to use these resources can be found here.
Possible extension
How would you improve this experiment if you were doing it again?
Downloads
Which fuel is better
Handout | PDF, Size 0.14 mbWhich fuel is better
Editable handout | Word, Size 0.43 mb
Additional information
The resources were originally published in the book In Search of Solution P. Borrows, K. Davies and R. Lewin, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1990.
This experiment was based on an idea contributed by R.F Kempa.
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