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The topics covered in this Starter for ten activity are: the mass spectrometer, isotopic abundance, molecular mass spectroscopy and infra-red spectroscopy.

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Advanced level Starters for ten 1 (16–18)

Level

Use

Category

Specification

England
- GCSE
  - Edexcel Chemistry
    - Topic 1 - Key concepts in Chemistry
      - Atomic structure
        1.12 Calculate the relative atomic mass of an element from the relative masses and abundances of its isotopes
  - AQA Chemistry
    - 4.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table
      - 4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
        4.1.1.5 Size and mass of atoms
        The radius of a nucleus is less than 1/10 000 of that of the atom (about 1 x 10⁻¹⁴ m).
- A/AS level
Scotland
- Advanced Higher
  - SQA Chemistry
    - Organic chemistry and instrumental analysis
      - Spectroscopy
        Mass spectrometry
        Infrared spectroscopy
- National 5
  - SQA Chemistry
    - Chemical changes and structure
      - Atomic structure and bonding related to properties of materials
        Periodic Table and atoms
Wales
- A/AS level
  - WJEC Chemistry
    - Unit 1: THE LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY, STRUCTURE OF MATTER AND SIMPLE REACTIONS
      - 1.3 Chemical calculations
        (b) principles of the mass spectrometer and its use in determining relative atomic mass and relative abundance of isotopes
        (c) simple mass spectra, for example, that of chlorine gas
        (d) how empirical and molecular formulae can be determined from given data
Northern Ireland
- A/AS level
  - CCEA Chemistry
    - Unit AS 2: Further Physical and inorganic Chemistry and an Introdution to Organic Chemistry
      - 2.1 Formulae and amounts of substance
        2.1.2 calculate empirical and molecular formulae using data, given composition by mass or percentage composition;
      - 2.7 Infrared spectroscopy
        2.7.3 use infrared spectra to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds given wavenumber data.
    - Unit AS 1: Basic Concepts in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
      - 1.2 Atomic Structure
        1.2.6 interpret mass spectra of elements by calculating relative atomic mass from isotopic abundances and vice versa;
Republic of Ireland
- Leaving Certificate
  - Chemistry
    - 1. Periodic table and atomic structure
      - 1.2 Atomic Structure
        Activities
        Calculation of approximate relative atomic masses from abundance of isotopes of given mass number (e.g. calculation of approximate relative atomic mass of chlorine).
        Social and Applied Aspects
        Use of the mass spectrometer in determining relative atomic mass.
        Fundamental processes that occur in a mass spectrometer: vaporisation of substance, production of positive ions, acceleration, separation, detection (mathematical treatment excluded).

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